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流行语“摆烂”的语用及来源探析 The Exploration and Analysis on the Pragmatics and Origin of the Popular Word “Bailan”

当今社会不同领域的“内卷”现状愈演愈烈，继“佛系”“躺平”之后，“摆烂”一词在互联网上被广泛使用，并衍生出“开摆”“摆烂摊”“摆烂人”等相关形式，其意义也发生了扩展。本文考察了“摆烂”的句法分布和主要语用功能：自我调侃、嘲讽与批评、反映现实等，并总结了其流行的主要原因：电竞游戏《英雄联盟》爆火的影响、快捷多样的网络媒介的推动、“内卷”现状下社会压力的增大、疫情反复下心态的失衡等。Intoday’ssociety,thestatusquoof“innercoil”indifferentfieldsisbecomingincreasinglyfierce.After“Buddha”and“lyingflat”,theword“bailan”iswidelyusedontheInternet,andderivedfrom“kaibai”“bailantan”andotherrelatedforms,itsmeaninghasalsoexpanded.Thispaperexaminesthesyntacticdistributionandmainpragmaticfunctionsof“bailan”,includingself-ridicule,satireandcriticism,reflectionofreality,andsummarizesthemainreasonsforitspopularity:TheinfluenceofthepopularityofleagueofLegends,thepromotionoffastanddiversenetworkmedia,theincreaseofsocialpressureunderthecurrentsituationof“innercoil”,mentalimbalanceinthecontextofrepeatedofCOVID-19outbreaks.